The United Kingdom and the European Union have reached a draft agreement defining Gibraltar’s status after Brexit, preserving British sovereignty while easing cross-border movement with Spain.
The proposed treaty, unveiled jointly by London and Gibraltar’s government, introduces a «fluid border» that would remove routine passport checks at the land crossing with Spain. Around 15,000 people are estimated to cross the frontier daily, and the deal is expected to simplify travel and trade.
Under the plan, Gibraltar would remain under British sovereignty, with the treaty explicitly stating it does not affect competing claims over the territory. Key British military facilities, including the RAF base and naval infrastructure, would remain protected.
Different rules would apply to air travel. Passengers arriving in Gibraltar by plane from the UK would face dual border controls, with checks conducted by local authorities and Spanish officials acting on behalf of the EU. A tailored customs system is also planned to reduce goods inspections.
Gibraltar Chief Minister Fabian Picardo welcomed the draft, saying it safeguards the territory’s «British way of life» while creating opportunities for economic growth. UK Foreign Office minister Stephen Doughty said the agreement protects Gibraltar’s future and strengthens its ties with Britain.
However, the deal has drawn criticism from some UK opposition figures, who argue Parliament must scrutinise the treaty before ratification. Talks over Gibraltar’s border arrangements have continued since Britain formally left the EU in 2020.
The draft treaty must still be signed, ratified and implemented before taking effect.
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